Hypnos(sleep) in the Iliad - Ύπνος (μυθολογία)

Hypnos used his powers to trick Zeus. Hypnos was able to trick him and help the Danaans win the Trojan war. During the war, Hera loathed her brother and husband, Zeus, so she devised a plot to trick him. She decided that in order to trick him she needed to make him so enamoured with her that he would fall for the trick. So she went and washed herself with ambrosia and anointed herself with oil, made especially for her to make herself impossible to resist for Zeus. She wove flowers through her hair, put on three brilliant pendants for earrings, and donned a wondrous robe. She then called for her daughter Aphrodite, the goddess of love, and asked her for a charm that would ensure that her trick would not fail. In order to procure the charm, however, she lied to Aphrodite because they sided on opposites sides of the war. She told Aphrodite that she wanted the charm to help her parents stop fighting. Aphrodite willingly agreed. Hera was almost ready to trick Zeus, but she needed the help of Hypnos, who had tricked Zeus once before.

Hera called on Hypnos and asked him to help her by putting Zeus to sleep. Hypnos was reluctant because the last time he had put the god to sleep, he was furious when he awoke. It was Hera who had asked him to trick Zeus the first time as well. She was furious that Hercules, Zeus' son, sacked the city of the Trojans. So she had Hypnos put Zeus to sleep, and set blasts of angry winds upon the sea while Hercules was still sailing home. When Zeus awoke he was furious and went on a rampage looking for Hypnos. Hypnos managed to avoid Zeus by hiding with his mother, Nyx. This made Hypnos reluctant to accept Hera's proposal and help her trick Zeus again. Hera first offered him a beautiful golden seat that can never fall apart and a footstool to go with it. He refused this first offer, remembering the last time he tricked Zeus. Hera finally got him to agree by promising that he would be married to Pasithea, one of the youngest Graces, whom he had always wanted to marry. Hypnos made her swear by the river Styx and call on gods of the underworld to be witnesses so that he would be ensured that he would marry Pasithea. Now, with Hypnos' help, Hera went to see Zeus on Gargarus, the topmost peak of Mount Ida. Zeus was extremely taken by her and suspected nothing as Hypnos was shrouded in a thick mist and hidden upon a pine tree that was close to where Hera and Zeus were talking. Zeus asked Hera what she was doing there and why she had come there from Olympus and she told him the same lie she told her daughter Aphrodite. She told him that she wanted to go help her parents stop quarrelling and she stopped there to consult him because she didn't want to go without his knowledge and have him be angry with her when he found out. Zeus said that she could go any time, and that she should postpone her visit and stay there with him so they could enjoy each other's company. He told her that he was never in love with anyone as much as he loved her at that moment. He took her in his embrace and Hypnos went to work putting him to sleep, with Hera in his arms. While this went on, Hypnos travelled to the ships of the Achaeans to tell Poseidon, God of the Sea, that he could now help the Danaans and give them a victory while Zeus was sleeping. This is where Hypnos leaves the story, leaving Poseidon eager to help the Dananns. Thanks to Hypnos helping to trick Zeus, the war changed its course to Hera's favor, and Zeus never found out that Hypnos had tricked him one more time.





Στην ελληνική μυθολογία ο Ύπνος ήταν θεός ή δαίμονας, που αποτελούσε την προσωποποίηση του ύπνου. Σύμφωνα με τον Ησίοδο στη Θεογονία ο Ύπνος και ο δίδυμος αδελφός του, ο Θάνατος, ήταν «δεινοί Θεοί» που κατοικούσαν στον Τάρταρο, παιδιά της Νύχτας και του Ερέβους. Ο Ύπνος μυθολογείται ότι είχε είτε χίλιους, είτε τρεις γιους ή αδελφούς (εκτός από τον Θάνατο): τον Μορφέα, τον Φοβήτορα και τον Φάντασο. Κατά τον Όμηρο, που τον αποκαλεί νήδυμο (γλυκύ), τόπος κατοικίας του Ύπνου ήταν η νήσος Λήμνος, ενώ από τους μεταγενέστερους συγγραφείς του αποδιδόταν μια δική του φανταστική πατρίδα, η «Νήσος των Ονείρων». Ο Ύπνος λατρευόταν πολύ στην κυρίως Ελλάδα. Σημαντικά κέντρα της λατρείας του Ύπνου ήταν η Επίδαυρος, η Τροιζήνα και η Ολυμπία. Τον θεωρούσαν ήσυχο και πράο θεό ή δαίμονα, που πλανιόταν στη γη και τον απεικόνιζαν πότε ως ωραίο νέο, που έσπερνε στη Γη γλυκά όνειρα ή κοιμόταν σε μια κλίνη, πότε ως δαίμονα με φτερά, που μετέφερε ένα νεκρό με το θάνατο.